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KMID : 1039220150250010045
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Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
2015 Volume.25 No. 1 p.45 ~ p.57
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Study on the Chemical Management ? 1. Chemical Characteristics and Occupational Exposure Limits under Occupational Safety and Health Act of Korea
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Park Ji-Hoon
Ham Seung-Hon
Kim Sun-Ju
Lee Kwon-Seob
Ha Kwon-Chul
Park Dong-Uk
Yoon Chung-Sik
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Abstract
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Objectives: This study aims to compare the physicochemical characteristics, toxicological data with Occupational Exposure Limits (OELs) of chemicals under the Occupational Safety and Health Act(OSHA) regulated by the Ministry of Employment and Labor of Korea.
Methods: Information on chemicals which have OELs on physicochemical characteristics and toxicological data was collected using Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS) from Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency(KOSHA) and the Korea Information System for Chemical Safety Management(KISChem) in 2014. Statistical analyses including correlation and simple regression were performed to compare the OELs with chemical characteristics including molecular weight, boiling point, odor threshold, vapor pressure, vapor density, solubility and octanol-water partition coefficient(OWPC) and toxicological data such as median lethal dose(LD50) and median lethal concentration(LC50).
Results: A total of 656 chemicals have OELs under OSHA in Korea. The numbers of chemicals which have eight-hour time weighted average(TWA) and short term exposure limits(STEL) are 618 and 190, respectively. TWA was significantly correlated with boiling point and STEL was only correlated with vapor pressure among physicochemical characteristics. Solubility and OWPC between “skin” and “no skin” substances which indicate skin penetration were not significantly different. Both LD50 and LC50 were correlated with TWA, while the LC50 was not with STEL. As health indicators, health rating and Emergency Response Planning Guidelines(ERPG) rating as recommended by the National Fire Protection Association(NFPA) and American Industrial Hygiene Association(AIHA) were associated with OELs and reflect the chemical hazards.
Conclusions: We found relationships between OEL and chemical information including physicochemical characteristics and toxicological data. The study has an important meaning for understanding present regulatory OELs.
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KEYWORD
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Chemicals, physicochemical characteristics, toxicity, health, exposure limit
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